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More From 2023’s Top 10 Discoveries

More From 2023's Top 10 Discoveries

Enjoy these additional images from ARCHAEOLOGY Magazine's Top 10 Discoveries of 2023. Image 1 is from "A Painted Prayer." Images 2–4 are from "Sacred Spring." Images 5 and 6 are from "Magical Mesoamerican Relics." Images 7–9 are from "The Fiddler's Theater." Images 10 and 11 are from "Cave of Swords." And image 12 is from "Earliest Carpenters."

  • A painting of Jesus Christ thought to date to the thirteenth century was discovered in a small room below a sixteenth-century house in Old Dongola, once the capital of the medieval Kingdom of Makuria (ca. A.D. 400–1400). (Courtesy Adrian Chlebowski/PCMA UW)
  • Aerial view of the thermal baths and sanctuary at San Casciano dei Bagni (Italy Soprintendenza ABAP per le province di Siena, Grosseto e Arezzo and Comune di San Casciano dei Bagni, Courtesy Jacopo Tabolli)
  • One of the 14 large bronze statues found at the sanctuary of San Casciano dei Bagni (Italy Soprintendenza ABAP per le province di Siena, Grosseto e Arezzo and Comune di San Casciano dei Bagni, Courtesy Jacopo Tabolli)
  • A bronze statue of a young boy excavated in San Casciano dei Bagni (Italy Soprintendenza ABAP per le province di Siena, Grosseto e Arezzo and Comune di San Casciano dei Bagni, Courtesy Jacopo Tabolli)
  • Archaeologists excavate a stone chest in the Templo Mayor, at the heart of the Aztec, or Mexica, capital of Tenochtitlan. (Photograph Mirsa Islas, courtesy Proyecto Templo Mayor)
  • The stone chest was found to contain anthropomorphic figurines made of serpentine that archaeologists believe were buried in the year 1 Rabbit, or 1454, at least 1,000 years after they had been made by the Mezcala people, who were based some 200 miles from Tenochtitlan. (Photograph Mirsa Islas, courtesy Proyecto Templo Mayor)
  • A Roman brick from the emperor Nero’s theater dates to the era of the Julio-Claudian emperors. (Courtesy Soprintendenza Speciale Roma)
  • Highly decorative Roman column capital from Nero’s theater (Courtesy Soprintendenza Speciale Roma)
  • Multicolored marble columns from Nero’s theater (Courtesy Soprintendenza Speciale Roma)
  • Archaeologists in the cave in Israel’s Ein Gedi Nature Reserve where four ancient Roman swords were found (Photography Matan Toledano, Israel Antiquities Authority)
  • The complex cave system in Ein Gedi Nature Reserve (Photography Emil Aladjem, Israel Antiquities Authority)
  • Archaeologists excavate at a site on the bank of Zambia’s Kalambo River where they have discovered the world’s earliest known wooden architecture. (Courtesy Larry Barham)